What it covers
How a clinician hears children of every age and need, assesses need and risk, and notices harm nobody has named yet: injuries in babies who cannot move, neglect, fabricated or induced illness, sexual abuse, and what the adults around the child bring into the home. Exploitation and harm outside the home, online harm, children in care and care leavers, female genital mutilation (FGM), competence and parental responsibility. When a child dies, safer sleep and what reviews keep finding, and the GP's part from a strategy discussion to a conference report and court, each worked through a practice case.
Who it is for
GPs, GP registrars, practice nurses, pharmacists, paramedics and the other clinical roles the RCGP places at Level 3, and the practice safeguarding lead and deputy.
By the end you will be able to
- Hear children of every age and need, and apply competence, consent and parental responsibility.
- Assess need and risk with the national framework, thresholds and a chronology that analyses.
- Recognise injury in non-mobile babies, neglect, sexual abuse and fabricated or induced illness.
- Judge how parents' mental illness, substance use and domestic abuse affect children, including before birth.
- Act on exploitation, online harm, harm outside the home and FGM, and support children in care.
- Report to conferences and courts, record and code safely, and learn from child deaths and reviews.
Modules
- Your Level 3 role and competence
- Talking with children
- Assessing need and risk
- Injuries and physical abuse
- The adults around the child
- Neglect, and disability that masks it
- Fabricated or induced illness
- Adolescents and sexual harm
- Exploitation and harm outside the home
- Looked-after children and care leavers
- Online harm
- Child deaths and learning from reviews
- Records, reports and court
This course is the e-learning part of Level 3. The RCGP also expects yearly learning and reflection in practice, such as case discussion, practice safeguarding meetings and multi-agency work, which is recorded separately.
Content mapped to the additional Level 3 learning outcomes of the Core Skills Training Framework (England) v1.1: Safeguarding Children, the Level 3 competences of the Intercollegiate Document (2025) and the RCGP safeguarding standards for general practice (2024). E-learning part only. Law named: Children Act 1989, sections 3, 46 and 47; Children Act 2004, section 16LA; Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003, section 5B and Schedule 2.
Sources
- Intercollegiate document (2025) Safeguarding children and young people and children and young people in care: competencies for health care staff, Level 3 core competencies (professional opinion on short and long-term impact, compassion fatigue and vicarious trauma, children seeking asylum), RCPCH hosted, published November 2025
- Level 3 safeguarding training and standards, RCGP safeguarding standards for general practice: staff at Level 3, induction, the annual Level 3 update and annual learning and reflection, and the five areas of knowledge and capabilities (Royal College of General Practitioners, 1 October 2024)
- RCGP safeguarding standards: practice or organisational safeguarding lead, training requirements and person specifics (1 October 2024)
- RCGP safeguarding standards for general practice: introduction, training no longer based on hours, no formal supervision resource in general practice, practice leads do not need Level 4
- Core Skills Training Framework (England) Statutory/Mandatory Subject Guide v1.1, June 2021 (Skills for Health), Safeguarding Children (Version 3): Level 3 target group, Key Learning Outcomes a to r, refresher and delivery standards (archived copy)
- Safeguarding Children - Level 3, elearning for healthcare: ten sessions including sudden or unexpected death in childhood, parental risk factors, unexplained injuries, neglect in a disabled child, fabricated and induced illness and adolescent sexual assault (updated 3 March 2026)
- Working together to safeguard children 2026: statutory guidance (Department for Education, March 2026), paragraphs 15, 179 (child sexual abuse), 205 to 208 (babies and unborn children), 216 to 221 (harm outside the home), 272 to 280 (health, named GPs and practice leads), strategy discussions, section 47 enquiries, conference reports ('offer clear analysis based on their perspective') and chapter 5 paragraphs 372 and 385 to 387 (5 working days, 15 working days, 6 months, not to hold individuals to account)
- Working together to safeguard children 2026: summary of changes (Department for Education, 18 March 2026)
- Children Act 2004, section 16LA: duty to share information, inserted by the Children's Wellbeing and Schools Act 2026
- The Children's Wellbeing and Schools Act 2026 (Commencement No. 2) (England) Regulations 2026 (SI 2026/803), regulation 6: section 16LA in force on 30 September 2026
- Information Sharing Duty: statutory guidance for safeguarding organisations and their practitioners (Department for Education, September 2026): paragraphs 36 to 38 (lawful basis, Article 6(1)(c), Article 9 and Schedule 1 paragraph 18), 41 to 47 (consent, and the duty removing the public interest test) and the worked GP example
- Children Act 1989, section 3: meaning of parental responsibility, including subsection (5), a carer without it may do what is reasonable
- Children Act 1989, section 4: acquisition of parental responsibility by father
- Parental rights and responsibilities: who has parental responsibility (GOV.UK)
- Children Act 1989, section 20(7) and (8): accommodation by agreement, and section 33(3): the council has parental responsibility under a care order
- Children Act 1989, section 46: police protection, no more than 72 hours
- Children Act 1989, section 47, including subsections (9) to (11): the duty to assist enquiries falls on the NHS bodies listed in subsection (11)
- Crime and Policing Act 2026: Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse recommendations factsheet (Home Office, updated 19 May 2026), mandatory reporting
- Mandatory reporting of child sexual abuse in England: update on the Crime and Policing Act (NSPCC Learning, May 2026): healthcare professionals in scope, guidance to follow before implementation
- The Crime and Policing Act 2026 (Commencement No. 3 and Saving Provisions) Regulations 2026 (SI 2026/960), with Commencement No. 1 (SI 2026/689) and No. 2 (SI 2026/939): the reporting duty is not among the provisions commenced
- Child maltreatment: when to suspect maltreatment in under 18s, NICE clinical guideline CG89 (last updated 3 December 2025): recommendations 1.1.2, 1.1.9 to 1.1.11, 1.1.14, 1.1.16, 1.1.17, 1.1.24, 1.1.25, 1.1.28, 1.2.7, 1.2.11, 1.2.12, the sexualised behaviour recommendations in section 1.4, the neglect preamble and the definition of independently mobile
- Bruising protocol for immobile babies and children (Greater Manchester Safeguarding Partnership procedures, updated June 2025): an example of a local non-mobile injury protocol
- Perplexing Presentations (PP) / Fabricated or Induced Illness (FII) in children: RCPCH guidance (Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, March 2021), sections 1.2, 4.4, 5, 5.4 and 8
- Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel annual report 2024 to 2025: 274 rapid reviews, babies under one 34 per cent of reviews and 57 of the 128 deaths (Appendix E, Table D; the summary's '60 per cent of deaths' is the share of baby reviews that were deaths, 61 per cent), neglect 60 per cent (164 of 274), known to children's social care 84 per cent, practice themes (paragraphs 3.80 to 3.83) and 'asking the second question'
- National review calls for urgent action to protect vulnerable unborn babies and infants (Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel, 12 February 2026), and the review Protecting all vulnerable babies better
- Safeguarding reviews silent on Black, Asian and Mixed Heritage children (Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel, 11 March 2025)
- Child death review: statutory and operational guidance (England): notifying the child's GP, and primary care on the child death overview panel
- ICON: Babies cry, you can cope
- Safer sleep information and co-sleeping (The Lullaby Trust)
- Drug misuse and dependence: UK guidelines on clinical management (2017): safe storage, restricting children's access and preventing children seeing doses taken (sections 4 and 7)
- Marac referral criteria (SafeLives): visible high risk (14 or more yes answers on the Dash checklist), professional judgement, potential escalation (three incidents in 12 months) and repeat referral (archived copy; the live page refuses automated fetching)
- Serious Crime Act 2015, section 75A: strangulation or suffocation
- Graded Care Profile 2 (GCP2): an NSPCC assessment tool for the quality of care, used by practitioners trained through NSPCC-supported local implementation
- 0-18 years: guidance for all doctors, paragraphs 24 to 31 (assessing capacity, one parent's consent, competent refusal) and 46 to 52 (disclosure to protect from risk of death or serious harm) (General Medical Council; archived copy, as the live site blocks automated fetching)
- Care Act 2014, section 58: assessment of a child's needs for care and support, including subsection (4)
- Promoting the health and wellbeing of looked-after children, statutory guidance (Department for Education and Department of Health, updated August 2022), paragraphs 38, 40 to 41, 52 to 53, 70 to 72 and 95
- Multi-agency statutory guidance on female genital mutilation (Home Office): risk indicators including travel vaccinations, FGM Information Sharing, the FGM Enhanced Dataset and FGM protection orders
- Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003, Schedule 2, Part 1: FGM protection orders
- Female Genital Mutilation datasets: health professionals and NHS organisations (NHS England Digital): the FGM Enhanced Dataset collection applies to NHS acute trusts, mental health trusts and general practices (archived copy; the live page refuses automated fetching)
- Female Genital Mutilation Act 2003, section 5B: duty to notify police
- Help after rape and sexual assault: sexual assault referral centres (NHS)
- RCGP Safeguarding toolkit: documenting and coding safeguarding information, and safeguarding codes (Royal College of General Practitioners)
- GP Online Services guidance: children and young people, v3.0 (RCGP, March 2022): proxy access, the 11th and 16th birthdays, and safeguarding
- Intercollegiate document (2025): competencies introduction, a yearly update based on adult learning principles, applied learning and reflection across a revalidation cycle; it sets no hours and no participatory proportion
- Keep methadone and other medications away from children (Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust): as little as a teaspoon of methadone could kill a young child
- Graded Care Profile 2 (Durham Safeguarding Children Partnership): a tool licensed by the NSPCC that can only be used by practitioners trained to use it
- 'Disguised compliance': learning from case reviews (NSPCC Learning)
- Crime and Policing Act 2026, section 85: duty to report suspected child sex offences (prospective; not in force at Royal Assent on 29 April 2026, commenced by regulations under section 255)
- Crime and Policing Act 2026, section 87: the five cases in which a person is given reason to suspect a child sex offence
- Safeguarding Vulnerable Groups Act 2006, Schedule 4, Part 1: health care provided to children by a health care professional is regulated activity
- 0-18 years: principles of confidentiality, paragraphs 46 to 52, 57 to 61 (sexual activity) and 63 (contraception, abortion and STI advice and treatment without parental knowledge) (General Medical Council; archived copy, as the live site blocks automated fetching)
- Guidance on recording domestic abuse in the electronic medical record (RCGP, updated 25 January 2021): never disclose any allegation to the perpetrator or other family members
- Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel annual report 2024 to 2025 (full report PDF, April 2026)
- Working together to safeguard children 2026 (Department for Education, March 2026): paragraphs 13 to 19 (what children need, babies, working with parents, professional interpreters), 33, 125, 134 to 146 (Family Help, threshold document, consent), 162 and figure 1 (assessment framework), 164 to 169 (referral, one working day, feedback, 45 working days), 176, 186 to 198, 205 to 208, 214, 250 and the national multi-agency practice standards for child protection; glossary definitions
- Information Sharing Duty: statutory guidance (Department for Education, September 2026): who it applies to (including GPs), paragraphs 2, 8 to 14 (tests, detriment, consent), 21 to 24 (others connected to a child), 66 (pregnancy) and the worked GP example
- Children Act 1989, section 17, including subsections (4A) (child's wishes and feelings) and (10) and (11) (child in need, disabled)
- Children Act 1989, section 31(9) and (10): meaning of harm, and comparison with a similar child
- Crime and Policing Act 2026, section 85: prospective, not in force (legislation.gov.uk, checked 18 October 2026)
- The Crime and Policing Act 2026 (Commencement No. 4) Regulations 2026 (SI 2026/1090, made 15 October 2026): commences sections 104, 106, 107, 137 and 242 only, not section 85
- Intercollegiate document (2025), Level 3 competencies: staff groups, core competencies including adapting communication for neurodiversity and working with interpreters, compassion fatigue and reflective practice
- Intercollegiate document (2025), competencies introduction: Level 3 staff assumed competent at Levels 1 and 2, yearly update, appraisal and revalidation
- RCGP safeguarding standards, Level 3: staff covered, induction within one month, annual update, annual learning and reflection, domestic abuse, perpetrators, not brought, escalation
- RCGP safeguarding standards, practice or organisational safeguarding lead: three years' post-qualifying experience, protected time, no Level 4
- RCGP Safeguarding toolkit (print view): injuries to non-independently mobile children, abusive head trauma and persistently crying babies, the PAMIC tool, talking about abuse, domestic abuse levels of risk and the note that the Dash checklist is not recommended for general practice
- NICE CG89, Using this guidance: listen and observe, seek an explanation, record, consider, suspect or exclude
- Bruising in non-mobile infants, Panel Briefing 1 (Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel, September 2022): accidental bruising 0 to 1.3 per cent, expert health review and multi-agency discussion, no blanket section 47 enquiries
- Bruising in children who are not independently mobile: Pan Cheshire and Merseyside multi-agency guidance (September 2025), an example local protocol: body diagram recording, colour cannot age a bruise, blue-grey spots and the six to eight week check, involving parents
- Management of requests from statutory agencies for medical opinion on photographic images of possible physical abuse in children (RCPCH Child Protection Standing Committee, updated June 2019)
- Protecting children and young people (General Medical Council), communication and support, paragraphs 13 to 22 (archived copy, as the live site blocks automated fetching)
- Protecting children and young people (General Medical Council), identifying those at risk, paragraphs 2 to 7 (archived copy)
- Protecting children and young people (General Medical Council), child protection examinations, paragraphs 61 to 69 (archived copy)
- Protecting children and young people (General Medical Council), training and development, paragraphs 71 to 74 (archived copy)
- 0-18 years: communication, paragraphs 14 to 21 (General Medical Council; archived copy)
- Recognising and responding to abuse: responding to disclosures and making notes (NSPCC Learning)
- Safeguarding d/Deaf and disabled children and young people (NSPCC Learning, updated 23 September 2025)
- Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel annual report 2024 to 2025 (April 2026): babies under one 34 per cent and 57 of 128 deaths (Table D), domestic abuse 51 per cent, hidden males 19 per cent, professional curiosity 70 per cent, weak risk assessment 66 per cent, voice of the child 46 per cent, parental substance use in half of incidents involving babies
- Chronology guidance (Rochdale safeguarding procedures): definition, purpose and content of a chronology
- Domestic Abuse Act 2021, section 3: children as victims of domestic abuse
- Serious Crime Act 2015, section 75A: strangulation or suffocation (in force 7 June 2022)
- Dash resources: using the Dash risk checklist, referral thresholds and cases involving children (SafeLives; archived copy, March 2026)
- Marac referral criteria (SafeLives, last updated June 2018): 14 or more yes answers, professional judgement, potential escalation of three incidents in 12 months by any agency (archived copy)
- Good practice guidance on working with parents with a learning disability, 2021 update (Working Together with Parents Network, University of Bristol): five key features, long-term support, IQ and parenting
- Working together to safeguard children 2026 (Department for Education): paragraphs 204, 209, 216 to 225, 250 (poverty and neglect), 285 (children met as offenders, debt bondage), 369 (neglect) and the glossary (child sexual and criminal exploitation, county lines, extra-familial harm, teenage relationship abuse, children aged 16 and 17)
- Child maltreatment: when to suspect maltreatment in under 18s, NICE CG89, using this guidance: consider, suspect or exclude, and alerting features in disabled children
- Child abuse and neglect, NICE NG76 (October 2017): recommendations 1.2.5 to 1.2.7 (neglect recurring, boys less likely to disclose sexual exploitation, disabled children more vulnerable), 1.3.45 to 1.3.47 (child trafficking) and 1.4.6 (access to a specialist for disabled children)
- Harmful sexual behaviour among children and young people, NICE NG55 (September 2016): recommendations 1.2.1 to 1.2.4, 1.3.4 (Brook Traffic Light Tool, Hackett's continuum), 1.3.6 and 1.3.9
- Perplexing Presentations / Fabricated or Induced Illness in children guidance page (RCPCH Child Protection Portal): the March 2021 guidance remains the current RCPCH guidance
- RCGP Safeguarding toolkit: Was not brought (children), including the checklist and coding 'was not brought'
- RCGP Safeguarding toolkit: Neglect, including why neglect is hard to recognise and neglect in affluent families
- RCGP Safeguarding toolkit: Perplexing presentations and fabricated or induced illness, relevant to general practice (never managed alone in general practice; entries marked not for online access)
- RCGP Safeguarding toolkit: Child sexual exploitation, signs from the NSPCC
- RCGP Safeguarding toolkit: Age of consent, Fraser guidelines and Gillick competence
- RCGP Safeguarding toolkit: Transitional safeguarding, what general practice can do
- RCGP Safeguarding toolkit: Contextual safeguarding
- Gillick competence and Fraser guidelines (NSPCC Learning, last updated 5 August 2022): assessing competence, consent invalid under pressure, competence affected by stress, the five Fraser criteria
- Safeguarding d/Deaf and disabled children and young people (NSPCC Learning, last updated 23 September 2025): signs mistaken for the disability, families short of support, assessments focused on the disability
- 0-18 years: guidance for all doctors, paragraphs 24 to 31 (capacity to consent, refusal) and 46 to 63 (disclosure and recording, sexual activity, contraception and STI care under 16) (General Medical Council; archived copy, as the live site blocks automated fetching)
- Sexual Offences Act 2003, section 5: rape of a child under 13
- Sexual Offences Act 2003, section 9: sexual activity with a child
- Sexual Offences Act 2003, section 13: child sex offences committed by children or young persons
- Sexual Offences Act 2003, section 16: abuse of position of trust, sexual activity with a child under 18
- Sexual Offences Act 2003, section 21: positions of trust, including staff of an educational institution
- Sexual Offences Act 2003, section 22A: further positions of trust, regular coaching in a sport or religion (inserted 28 June 2022)
- Sexual Offences Act 2003, section 25: sexual activity with a child family member under 18
- Sexual Offences Act 2003, section 73: exceptions to aiding, abetting and counselling
- Help after rape and sexual assault (NHS website, reviewed 6 November 2024): SARCs for any age or gender, not washing, self-swab kits not advised, forensic advice still worthwhile after 7 days
- HIV prevention (NHS website, reviewed 9 July 2025): post-exposure prophylaxis after possible exposure in the last 72 hours, from sexual health clinics and A&E
- Keeping children safe in education 2026 (Department for Education, in force 1 September 2026), part five paragraphs 530 to 538: the continuum of harmful sexual behaviour and the significance of age difference and power
- Criminal exploitation of children and vulnerable adults: county lines (Home Office, updated 20 October 2023): definition, methods, who is vulnerable, signs, what to do
- Crime and Policing Act 2026, section 48: child criminal exploitation (prospective, not in force at Royal Assent)
- The Crime and Policing Act 2026 (Commencement No. 4) Regulations 2026 (SI 2026/1090, made 15 October 2026), with the note of earlier commencements: section 48 not among the provisions commenced
- Modern Slavery: statutory guidance for England and Wales, version 4.9 (Home Office, 15 October 2026): paragraphs 2.11, 4.10, 5.37 to 5.38, 12.43 to 12.53 (the NHS is not a First Responder Organisation; encouraging a return for follow-up)
- Modern Slavery Act 2015, section 45: defence for slavery or trafficking victims, including subsection (4) for under 18s
- Statutory guidance on children who run away or go missing from home or care (Department for Education, January 2014), paragraphs 31 and 32: independent return interviews within 72 hours
- Channel duty guidance: protecting people susceptible to radicalisation (Home Office, updated October 2023): notice, check, share; police triage; voluntary support and parental consent under 18 (paragraphs 66 to 70, 100, 145)
- Counter-Terrorism and Security Act 2015, section 36: support plans provided if the necessary consent is given, and referral to health or social care
- Bridging the gap: transitional safeguarding and the role of social work with adults (Department of Health and Social Care, 3 June 2021): key messages and principles
- Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel annual report 2024 to 2025, paragraphs 3.70 to 3.73: neglect in 60 per cent of rapid reviews, 89 per cent of those families known to children's social care, financial hardship
- Intercollegiate document (2025), Level 3 core competencies: neglect including medical and dental, child exploitation, modern slavery, FII, harmful sexual behaviours, transitional safeguarding and section 58 of the Care Act
- Promoting the health and well-being of looked-after children, statutory guidance (Department for Education and Department of Health, August 2022 update, PDF): paragraphs 1, 34 to 38, 40 to 45, 47, 52 to 53, 62, 68, 71 to 72, 90 and 94 to 95, with footnotes 17, 22 and 32
- Children Act 1989, section 20(7) and (8): accommodation by agreement; a person with parental responsibility may remove the child
- Children Act 1989, section 4A: acquisition of parental responsibility by a step-parent
- Children Act 1989, section 12(2): parental responsibility under a child arrangements order naming the person a child lives with
- Children Act 1989, section 14C: effect of a special guardianship order
- Children Act 1989, section 44(4) and (5): an emergency protection order gives the applicant parental responsibility
- Children Act 1989, section 66: privately fostered children (under 16, or under 18 if disabled; 28 days)
- The Children (Private Arrangements for Fostering) Regulations 2005, regulation 3: notification of a private fostering arrangement
- Children Act 1989, section 23CZB: personal adviser and pathway plan for former relevant children aged 21 to 25 on request
- Care of unaccompanied migrant children and child victims of modern slavery: statutory guidance (Department for Education, November 2017), the age definition and paragraphs 10, 46 and 50 to 51
- Dealing with medical records for adopted patients: a guide for GP practices (Primary Care Support England, February 2024)
- Dealing with medical records for adopted patients, guide for GP practices v1.0 (Primary Care Support England, March 2025): new NHS number and records process
- Redacting information for online record access, Good practice guidelines for GP electronic patient records (NHS England, published 12 May 2023, updated 13 March 2025; archived copy, as the live page refuses automated fetching)
- Safeguarding, Good practice guidelines for GP electronic patient records, version 1.4 (NHS England, 26 March 2025): recording, Child Protection Information Sharing, GP2GP transfer and refusing online access (archived copy)
- Confidentiality: good practice in handling patient information, Disclosing patients' personal information: a framework, paragraphs 9 to 10, 17 to 19 and 87 to 93 (General Medical Council; archived copy, as the live site blocks automated fetching)
- Providing witness statements or expert evidence as part of legal proceedings, paragraphs 10 to 17 (General Medical Council, in effect 30 January 2024; archived copy)
- Data Protection Act 2018, Schedule 2, paragraph 2: crime and taxation exemption
- Mandatory reporting of female genital mutilation: procedural information, accessible version (Home Office, updated 22 January 2020), sections 2.1 to 2.4, 3 and 6.7
- Female Genital Mutilation Enhanced Data Set information standard (NHS England, effective 24 March 2026): all acute and mental health trusts and all GP practices must collect and submit FGM information
- Female Genital Mutilation Information Sharing (FGM-IS) (NHS England Digital): girls under 18 with a family history of FGM (read through a mirror copy, as the live page refuses automated fetching)
- 'Honour'-based abuse, forced marriage and harmful practices: prosecution guidance (Crown Prosecution Service, revised 26 February 2026): breast flattening and virginity testing
- Health and Care Act 2022, section 136: virginity testing offence, in force 1 July 2022
- Non-therapeutic male circumcision toolkit (British Medical Association, updated 28 June 2024): ten good practice points, the law, consent and disputes (archived copy)
- NCA issues urgent warning about 'sextortion' (National Crime Agency, 29 April 2024)
- Online grooming: information for parents and carers (CEOP Education, National Crime Agency)
- Online harm groups: information for parents and carers (CEOP Education, National Crime Agency)
- Sharing nudes and semi-nudes: how to respond to an incident (overview), UK Council for Internet Safety (updated 11 March 2024)
- Report Remove (Internet Watch Foundation and Childline): for young people under 18 in the UK
- Protection of Children Act 1978, section 1: indecent photographs of children
- Protection of Children Act 1978, section 7(6) to (8): child means under 18; pseudo-photographs
- Sexual Offences Act 2003, section 15A: sexual communication with a child
- Online Safety Act 2023, section 184: encouraging or assisting serious self-harm, in force 31 January 2024
- New rules for a safer generation of children online (Ofcom, April 2025): Protection of Children Codes applying from 25 July 2025 (archived copy)
- Child death review: statutory and operational guidance (England), PDF (2018, updated 2019): glossary, sections 2.5.1, 2.6.1, 3.3, 6.2 and 6.3, and case study 2
- Domestic abuse related death review statutory guidance (Home Office, September 2026): purpose and legal status, paragraphs 2.1 to 2.3, 6.8, 8.16 and 13.11 to 13.13
- CP7. Allegations against staff or volunteers (people in positions of trust) who work with children, London Safeguarding Children Procedures (last updated 30 March 2026): no investigation before the designated officer is told, one working day, suspension, support, outcome definitions, barring referral
- Working together to safeguard children 2026, paragraphs 19, 146, 175, 194 and 195, 252, 260 to 266 (allegations, designated officer, barring referral), 128 and 133 (education), the national practice standards (concerns from family members, adults' convictions), immediate protection (other children) and the glossary definition of emotional abuse
- United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child, articles 2, 3, 12, 19 and 24, as set out in the schedule to the UNCRC (Incorporation) (Scotland) Act 2024
- Working definition of trauma-informed practice (Office for Health Improvement and Disparities, 2 November 2022)
- RCGP Safeguarding toolkit (print view): adverse childhood experiences, trauma-informed practice, unseen men, children invisible to services, child abuse linked to faith or belief, working with parents
- The radiological investigation of suspected physical abuse in children, revised first edition (Royal College of Radiologists and Society and College of Radiographers, November 2018): recommendations 1, 4, 8, 12, 14, 33 and 34
- Children Act 1989, section 43: child assessment orders, up to 7 days; a child of sufficient understanding may refuse examination
- Children Act 1989, section 44: emergency protection orders, including (4)(b)(ii) preventing removal from hospital and (6) to (7) directions for examination
- Children Act 2004, section 58: reasonable punishment, England (as amended, including Wales from 21 March 2022)
- Faltering growth: recognition and management of faltering growth in children, NICE guideline NG75 (27 September 2017), recommendations 1.2.1 and 1.2.31
- Child sex offender disclosure scheme, Annex E: public guidance (Home Office, updated 3 April 2023)
- Domestic Violence Disclosure Scheme statutory guidance (Home Office, updated 16 August 2023): right to ask and right to know
- Escalation and resolving professional differences policy (Camden Safeguarding Children Partnership, version 5, November 2024), an example of a local escalation policy
- Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel annual report 2024 to 2025: 45 per cent of school-age children in focus missing some schooling
- Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999, section 16: witnesses eligible for assistance on grounds of age or incapacity (under 18)
- Youth Justice and Criminal Evidence Act 1999, section 29: examination of a witness through an intermediary
- Achieving Best Evidence in Criminal Proceedings (Ministry of Justice, January 2022), paragraphs 2.100 to 2.101 and 2.213 to 2.219 on Registered Intermediaries
- Child maltreatment, NICE CG89: recommendations 1.2.4 and 1.2.6 (apparent life-threatening events, poisoning) and 1.5.3 (punishing wetting)
- Bruising protocol for immobile babies and children (Greater Manchester Safeguarding Partnership, June 2025): pain or not using a limb as a sign of fracture; physical punishment of a baby; poisoning and suffocation presentations
- Protecting children and young people (General Medical Council), communication and support paragraphs 13 to 22, and child protection examinations paragraphs 61 to 69 (archived copies)
- Safeguarding d/Deaf and disabled children and young people (NSPCC Learning): assuming a disabled child is an unreliable witness as a barrier
- Faltering growth: recognition and management, NICE NG75 (September 2017): thresholds for concern (centile spaces) and recommendation 1.2.31 (referral where there are safeguarding concerns)
- Child abuse and neglect, NICE NG76, recommendations 1.7.4 to 1.7.18: therapeutic interventions after neglect and after sexual abuse, including separate sessions for the non-abusing parent
- RCGP Safeguarding toolkit: Sexual abuse, including how few children tell and the emotional, behavioural and physical signs
- RCGP Safeguarding toolkit: Working with families affected by child sexual abuse (parents need long-term support)
- Using the Spotting the Signs tool: guidance for frontline professionals (Brook and the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV, September 2023): structure, use at every contact, 16 and 17-year-olds, conversational and third-person questions
- Perplexing Presentations (PP) / Fabricated or Induced Illness (FII) in children: RCPCH guidance (February 2021), sections 4.1 to 4.3 (motivations, doctors' involvement, social media), 5.2 (school concerns, home education), 5.3 and 5.3.1 (consensus meeting, 'issues' in letters), 6.2, 6.3 and 7 (referral when the plan fails, no wait for a chronology)
- Children Act 1989, section 22(1): meaning of a child looked after by a local authority
- Children Act 1989, section 105(1): a child in the care of an authority is in care by virtue of a care order
- Safer sleep information (The Lullaby Trust): back to sleep, clear cot, room sharing, room temperature and breastfeeding, until 12 months
- Care of Next Infant (CONI) programme (The Lullaby Trust)
- Out of routine: a review of sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) in families where the children are considered at risk of significant harm (Child Safeguarding Practice Review Panel, July 2020): foreword, key findings and paragraphs 4.4 to 4.6
- Self-harm: assessment, management and preventing recurrence, NICE guideline NG225: recommendations 1.6.1 to 1.6.4 and 1.7.2 and 1.7.6 to 1.7.8
- Sexual Offences Act 2003, section 15: meeting a child following sexual grooming
- Sexual Offences Act 2003, section 66A: sending etc photograph or film of genitals, in force 31 January 2024
- Sexual Offences Act 2003, section 66B: sharing or threatening to share intimate photograph or film, in force 31 January 2024
- A guide to subject access (Information Commissioner's Office): one month, extensions, fees and requests about children
- Data Protection Act 2018, Schedule 3, Part 2: health data and the serious harm test, paragraphs 2, 5 and 6
- 0-18 years: principles of confidentiality, paragraphs 42 to 49 (General Medical Council; archived copy, as the live site blocks automated fetching)
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